In accordance with the NHS Staff Councils agreement, employers must identify, using risk assessment tools, any special hazards faced by night workers which pose a significant risk to health and safety in accordance with the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1992. Employers must ensure that night workers, whose work does involve special hazards or heavy physical or mental strain, do not actually work for more than 8 hours at night in any 24-hour period. This policy applies to all managers and staff within NHS Fife, excluding Doctors and Dentists in Training. A night worker normally works 4 x 10 hour shifts each week. Therefore, the total number of normal hours of work for a 17 week reference period would be: If you’re over school leaving age but under 18, you can’t usually work for more than 8 hours each day or 40 hours each week. You’re usually entitled to:

Line Managers must keep records for each employee which are adequate to ensure that the limits specified in the Working Time Regulations are being complied with, as follows: Authorise requests to take leave in the following period and where this is not possible to give notice and reasons for the non-approval. For the purposes of the Working Time Regulations, a person receiving training, other than under a contract of employment, shall be regarded as an employee, and the person who is providing the training shall be regarded as the employer. For example nursing/AHP students on university placements would fall under this category. However, there are a number of special circumstances in which the entitlement to rest periods does not apply, for example, where the activities involve a need for continuity of service or production or where there is a foreseeable surge of activity. Also, if a shift worker changes shift, it may not be possible for them to take their full rest entitlement before starting the new pattern of work. In such a case the entitlement to daily and weekly rest does not apply. Weekly rest

Shift workers

Line Managers are responsible for ensuring that the Working Time Regulations are implemented appropriately within their area of responsibility and that local arrangements / procedures are amended / developed, as required. Someone might ask for extra rest breaks due to a disability. The employer must agree to this if it's a reasonable adjustment. The NHS Scotland Staff Councils agreement reached in accordance with Regulation 23 of the Working Time Regulations 1998 (as amended) is contained within the Agenda for Change Terms and Conditions handbook. This agreement gives flexibility for a number of the Working Time Regulations to be discussed at local level.

The Working Time Regulations specify that time when an employee is “on-call”, but otherwise free to pursue their own activities , that is not counted as working time. Line Managers are responsible for ensuring that compensatory rest is provided, within a reasonable time from when the entitlement to rest was applicable. This is usually within two weeks from when the entitlement to rest was applicable. hours uninterrupted rest per week or 48 hours uninterrupted rest per fortnight (“weekly rest period”); and A night worker is entitled to be transferred, whenever possible, to other work which is not at night, where a registered medical practitioner has advised NHS Fife that the employee is suffering from health problems connected with the fact that they work at night.Another example is the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), which uses GPS to synchronize reporting of hazardous weather from its 45 Terminal Doppler Weather Radars covering the United States. This is just one scenario in which distributed networks of instruments must work together to precisely measure common events. Such networks require timing sources that can guarantee time accuracy at several points. When Robin's wife doesn't reach home from work he's sent into a frenzy trying to find out where she was last seen. If this is not possible, the employer must make sure the person still gets their rest. For example, because of the way shifts are arranged or because there's an emergency at work. Rest during the working week

In circumstances where work is repetitive, continuous or requiring exceptional concentration Line Managers must ensure the provision of adequate rest breaks as an integral part of their duty to protect the health and safety of their employee. In such cases the advice of the Occupational Health and Safety Advisory Service should be sought. An employer may find a number of ways in which to meet this duty, for example, it may be sufficient for an employer with employees who keep regular hours (e.g. 9.00 am to 5.00 pm) for the employee to notify the employer that they are working in excess of the standard working hours. Then the employer could monitor the hours worked by the worker more closely, or adjust the work that a worker is being asked to do, to ensure compliance. Travel time where travel is part of the job. This can include travelling to the first appointment of the day, and returning home from the last appointment of the day, for mobile workers (see our briefing here.) Employees should normally have a rest period of not less than 11 hours in each 24 hour period. In exceptional circumstances, due to the needs of the service, the daily rest given is less than 11 hours, compensatory rest (see section 15) must be provided. Both the men try hard to untie the suspicious knot around only to save Diana. The author takes the reader into an mysterious journey which almost take their lives. Those 11 hours Robin couldn't even trust on Prabhu neither on his own shadow. However, the story ends with a twist. Will Robin save Diana's life? Will Prabhu break Robin's trust? Delve into the world of adventure, fantasy, greed, love and romance through the book "11 Hours".You might not be paid for your rest breaks - your employment contract will say whether you are. Compensatory rest breaks Every four years there is a "leap year" with 366 days due to February having one more day. 2016 and 2020 are such years. This also affects the number of hours, minutes, and seconds in a year. However, if the employee is self-employed outside their employment, there is no requirement for them to give their manager details of the hours that they working. It should be noted, however, that there might still be a potential conflict of interest. In such cases, an employee must advise their manager of the type of work, which they are performing, and any contracts, which they may hold. The hourly rate calculator will help you see what that wage works out to be. Wondering what your yearly salary is? Comparing different jobs? Enter the hourly rate in the Hourly Wage box, and the number of hours worked each week. Employees and workers must get at least 11 hours' uninterrupted rest between finishing work and starting work the next day.

and 6am - if your contract says you have to work after 10pm, you must finish by 11pm and not start again until 7am It has been agreed that all staff on rotational shift working, whose shift patterns include night time hours, are classed as night workers. Line Managers must ensure that the normal hours of night workers do not exceed an average of 8 hours per 24 hour period over a 17 week period. b) if it is to be for a specific period, clearly state the relevant dates and give the reason for the increased hours, e.g. the absence of a colleague or an increase in workload;Any proposed regular amendment to the minimum daily rest period must be agreed locally in advance with staff side representatives. REM sleep typically comprises a smaller proportion of sleep time, and is most known for being when dreams or nightmares usually occur. Deprivation of REM sleep can result in anxiety, irritability, hallucinations, and difficulty concentrating. Studies have shown that when the body is deprived of REM sleep, subsequent sleep will involve the body increasing the number of attempts to go into REM sleep, as well as increases in the amount of time spent in REM sleep compared to periods of no sleep deprivation. This is referred to as a REM rebound, and is consistent with the belief that REM sleep is necessary for the body. REM sleep, its effects, and its necessity are still not fully understood, and though it is typically considered an important and necessary aspect of sleep, in some cases, deprivation of REM sleep can have transient positive effects. Sleep quality Working time will also include any time during which an employee is undertaking civic and public duties; carrying out health and safety and / or trade union duties; plus any additional time which is covered by this collective agreement. Calculations are not affected by absence from work, as an employee’s normal hours of work would remain the same regardless of the “actual” hours worked. Time worked as overtime is not normal work, unless an employee’s contract fixes a minimum number of hours. As described previously “Working Time” is defined as any time when an employee is “working, at their employer’s disposal and carrying out activities or duties”. For time to be classed as working time all three of these elements must be satisfied.